Reference code: c003
ABSTRACT
The need for this study is based on the fact that presently revenues from taxes are less than government projections. This is more important when the tax system in principle has the potential for increasing revenue at the local government level. Relevant data were collected from staff of the two case studies (Port Harcourt Local Government Area). The data collected were analyzed using percentage and averages. Based on the analysis it was found that a lot of problems militate against effective assessment and collection of taxes. These problems have facilitated evasion of taxes. The problems are: identification of the person to be assessed, identification of income for tax purposes, lack of public enlightenment, unfaithfulness in tax officials, defects in tax laws and concealment of profit. The study concluded that there is an involuntary compliance and low honesty among the tax payers and that high rate of tax has militated against voluntary compliance. There is mass ignorance on the issue of tax among the populace. Finally, the study recommends that there should be public enlightenment, honest and objective tax personnel, judicious application of tax revenue and reduction of tax rate.
INTRODUCTION
Few tax payers enjoy paying taxes although many regard it as a public duty to pay their fair share of money required by the government, which of course comes back to them in the form of social services. Some citizens admit this duty, but d not make same view as legislature as to what is their fair share; others have the simple philosophy that the tax collector is a public enemy.
In developed countries, taxation has come to be accepted not only as a necessary civic responsibility but also a way of life once it involves the generation of revenue for a common purpose. But unfortunately in Nigeria, taxation is regarded by the vast majority of the people as an instrument of oppression by the government. However, this conception has its roots in colonial days when the local agents of the colonial government forced the people to pay all forms of obnoxious taxes irrespective of their means. Although this was the situation of things several decades ago, it traits have stubbornly persisted even till now.
Owing to the economic situation in Nigeria, there is a conscious drive for getting the members of the public to be alive to their civic responsibility i.e. payment of tax. Concerning this in the business community, a combination of several factors make it possible for many of them to conveniently evade payment of tax. Surprising also, some corporate bodies evade the payment of tax. This is rather a very serious matter of concern because corporate tax has come to be one of major sources of revenue in most countries. A situation like this calls for urgent decisive and for reaching measure to ensure a long term solution. ...............
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CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 General Introduction
1.2. Statement of the Problem
1.3. Purpose of the Study
1.4. Research Questions
1.5. Significance of the Study
1.6. Scope of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
2.1. Review of Related Literature (Introduction)
2.2. Tax Administrative Machinery in Nigeria
2.3. The Federal Board of Inland Revenue
2.4. The Body of Appeal Commissioners
2.5. Joint ax Board
2.6. State Board of Internal Revenue
2.7. Methods of Tax Collection
2.8. Payment of Taxes
2.9. Returns
2.10. Penalties
2.11. Functions of the Local Government Council
2.12. Chairman of the Council
2.13. Functions of the Chairman
2.14. Financial and General purpose Committee
2.15. The Local Government Treasures
2.16. Head of Personnel (Clerk or secretary to the Local Government)
2.17. The Council
2.18. Books of Accounting
2.19. Financial Memoranda
2.20. Sources of Revenue Available to Port Harcourt
2.21. Tax Evasion
2.22. Legislative Meaning
2.23. Judicial Meaning
2.24. Methods of Tax Evasion
2.25. Extents of Tax Evasion
2.26. Reasons for Tax Evasion
2.27. The Problems of Assessment and Collection
2.28. Problems of Assessment
2.29. The Legal Base
2.30. Defects in the Tax Law
2.31. Problems of Economic Base or Tax Base
2.32. The Use of Tax Clearance Certificate
CHAPTER THREE
3.0. Research Methodology (Introduction)
3.1 Population Description
3.2. The sample and Method of Selection
3.3. Research Design
3.4. Sources of Data
3.5. Methods of Data Collection
3.6. Methods of Organizing Data
3.7. Data Analysis
3.8. Summary
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0. Analysis of Data and Discussion of Findings
4.1. Analysis and Interpretation of Data
4.2. Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.0. Introduction
5.1. Summary of Findings
5.2. Conclusion
5.3. Recommendations
Bibliography
Reference code: c003
Reference code: c003
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109 Pages
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